Type-writing machine.



No. 732,557. PATENTED JUNE 30, 1903.

' P. W. HILLARD.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 23, 1901.

no MODEL. 7 6 SHBETfiESHEET 1.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR gym/$707M @MM THE NORRIS PETERS co, PHOTOJJTHQ, wnumuwu. D. c

No. 732,557; PATENTED JUNE so, 1903 F. W. HILLARD.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. N APPLICATION FILED JULY 23. 1901. no MODEL. q; I sums-sum a.

ll IHIIIII um we Mums versus co, F'NOTEXLDTHG WASHINGTON, n c

No; 732,557. PATBNTED JUNE 30, 1903.. P. w. HILLARD. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLIOATlON FILED JULY 23. 1901.

INVENTOR No. 732,557. I 4 PATENTED JUNE 30, 1903.

P. W. HILLARD.

TYPE WRITING MAGHINE. 'APPLIOATION FILED JULY 23. 1901.

a e sums-slum 4.

H0 MODEL.

WITNESSES mz-uoams PETERS so. moroumo. WASHINGTON n c.

No. 732,557. PATENTED JUNE 30, 1903.

P. W. HILLARD.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLIUATION FILED JULY 23, 1901. N0 MODEL. 6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

Q) INVENTOR 18 g I 6 g mm/zssssf Z W W NORRIS wins 00.. Fmnoumo. WASHINGTON. o c

PATENTED JUNE so; 1903.

" P. w. HILLARD.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLIOATION FILED JULY 23, 19,01. 7

6 SHEETS-SKEBT 5. I

NO MODEL.

m: noun Patented June 30, 1 903.

U IT D STATES PATENT OFFIcE.

FREDERIC W. HILLARD, OF TOTTENVILLE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO ELLIOTT & HATCH BOOK TYPEWRITER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 732,557, dated June 30, 1903.

I Application filed July 23, 1901. Serial No. 69.363. (N model.)

To all w/wm it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERIC W. HILLARD, a resident of Tottenville, in the county of Richmond and city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements: in Type WVriting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is an improvement in the ribbon feeding and holding mechanism in typewriting machines. It is particularly adapted to machines for writing upon bound books, although it is also applicable to type-writing machines generally.

Themachine upon which I show my imr 5 provement mounted is the Elliott & Hatch book type-writer, but differing in many respects from the style of that machine 110w on the market.

In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan View of so much of the machine as is necessary to show my invention. Fig. 2 is a view of the machine with myimprovement thereon looking at the machine from the right-hand side thereof or in a direction' looking down from the top of the sheet which contains Fig. l, the machine in Fig. 2 being cut away in section upon the line XX of Figs. 1 and 3 in many of its parts to more clearly show the ribbon mechanism. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the machine seen from the front or in a direction looking upwardly from the bottom of the sheet which contains Fig. 2. Many of the parts of the machine in Fig. 3 are cut away upon the line YY of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the machine substantially similar to that of Fig. 1, excepting that many parts of the ribbon movement are difierently located, corresponding to the different positions of the carriage upon the machine. Fig. 5 is a detail view of the framework of the ribbon-holding mechanism. Fig. 6 is a detail View of the gearing and the operative connection between the ribbon mechanism, the carriage, and the carriage guide-rail, whereby the carriage and ribbon movement are caused to feed together and relatively to each other during the travel of the carriage upon the carriage guide-rail. Fig. 7 is a detail of the mechanism for feed ing the ribbon lengthwise upon the spools during the return movement of the carriage,

or, in other words, during the travel of the carriage toward the left-hand side of the machine or toward the bottom of the sheets containing Figs. 1 and 4 of the drawings. Fig. Sis a detail view of the ribbon-spool shaft. Fig. 9 is a detail view of the ratchet mechanism for revolving the ribbon-spools upon the. ribbon spool shaft. Fig. 10 is a sectional view of a portion of the ribbon-spool shaft and parts mounted thereon. Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the ribbon as it appears when mounted upon the ribbon-spools and held by the ribbon-guide, the ribbon in this cupies when the carriage has reached the end i of its line of print.

in the drawings Ihave shown only so much of the machine as is necessary to clearly illustrate my invention. The type-carriage 1 is supported at the rear upon the carriage guiderail 2, being mounted thereon upon the rear guide rollers 23, which travel upon the top of the guide-rail 2. The guide-rollers are held in place upon the top of the-guide-rail by four side rollers 4:, which are pivotally mounted 8c upon vertical pivots 011 the carriage and engage with the guide-rail 2 at the front and atthe rear. The carriage is also supported at its front end upon a front guide-rail and two front guide-rollers mounted on the carriage, these parts not being shown in the drawings. The above-described method of mounting the carriage upon the carriage-frame 5 in the machine is substantially the manner in which the type-carriage of the present Elliott & o Hatch machine is mounted upon the carriageframe of the machine. The carriage-frame is also connected with the base-frame 6 and the base-frame rests upon the platen 7 in substantially the manner that these parts are mounted upon the present Elliott 85 Hatch book type-writer. At the rear the type-carriage frame extends upwardly and then curves forwardly, and at its upper extremity this part of the frame is bored out to receive the guide-rod 8. The carriage guide-rail 2 and the guide-rod S are both rigidly fastened in the side arms 9 of the carriage-frame at the right and left hand sides of the machine.

In the drawings the side arm 9 at the righthandside of the machine is shown, the corresponding side arm on the left-hand side not being shown, but being a mate to the one which is shown. The side arms 9 are hinged to the line-space rod 10, which is journaled in the carriage-frame. By this arrangement I am enabled to swing the type-carriage upwardl y and back for inspection of the writing and for inserting work in the machine, &e., and during such swinging movement the guide-rollers 3 are caused to maintain their proper engagement with the carriage guiderail by means of guide-rod 8, which guide-rod prevents any swinging movement of the carriage relatively to the guide-rail. The carriage 1 is loosely journaled upon the guiderod 8, so as to permit a sliding movement of the carriage along rod 8 in the movement of the carriage across the machine without undue friction.

The ribbon-supportin g frame 11 is j ournaled at its upper end upon the guide-rod 8, and at its lower end it is journaled upon the ribbon supporting rod 12, being mounted so that it can slide freely lengthwise of the guide-rod 8 and of the ribbon-supporting rod 12.

The ribbon-spool shaft 13 is journaled in the ribbon-supporting frame 11, the ribbonsupportingframe being provided with hubs 14 bored out to receive the ribbon-spool shaft. The two ribbon-spools 15 15 are mounted side by side upon the ribbon-spool shaft between the hubs 14 14 on the ribbon-spool frame. The ribbon-spools are mounted to revolve freely around the shaft 13, but being fitted between the hubs M 14: are held against any endwise movement upon the ribbon-spool shaft.

The ribbon 16 is coiled about the ribbonspools in the usual manner. It is carried from one of the spools nearly vertically down back. of and underneath the ribbon -supporting rod 12 and then forward in a horizontal direction and is doubled over the ribbon-guide plate 17. Then it is carried crosswise of the machine over the ribbon-guide plate and is again folded underneath the plate and car ried horizontally back to, underneath, and around the ribbon supporting rod 12 and then up to and around the other ribbon-spool.

Each of the ribbon-spools is provided with a ratchet-wheel 18, rigidly secured upon the hub of the ribbon-spool so as to revolve with the spool. The ribbon-spool ratchet-shaft 19 is jonrnaled to the ribbon-supporting frame in bearings 14 14 above the ribbon-spool shaft 13, and at either extremity is provided with a downwardly-extcnding arm 20, said arms being slotted at their lowerextremities. Upon the ribbon-spool shaft 13 two pawlrockers 21 are mounted, one being mounted near one end of the shaft 13 and the other near the opposite end of the shaft. The said ribbon-pawl rockers are freely journaled upon the shaft 13 to reciprocate thereon. Each rocker has an upwardly-extending arm, at the upper end of which there is a pin 22 extending horizontally and passing through the slot in the lower end of the corresponding ratchet-shaft arm 20. Each rocker 21 is also provided at its upper end with a ribbon-spool ratchet-pawl 23 pivoted thereto, each of said pawls being in line with and adapted to em gage with the corresponding ribbon-ratchet wheel 18. Vhenever the ribbon-spool ratchetshaft 19 is reciprocated, it will be obvious that the pawls 23 will be caused to reciprocate thereby, owing to the connections between the ribbon-spool ratchet-shaft and the ribbon-spool pawl-rockers.

Extending upwardly from the shaft 19 is a frame 24, rigidly secured on the shaft. This frame is provided with a long slot 25. A bracket 26 is screwed to the upper part of the carriage 1, through which bracket passes a screw 27, having a body journaled in the bracket 26 and having its lower end screwed into a bell-cranked lever 28, the bell-crank lever being thus freelypivoted in the bracket 26. Depending from the front end of the bell-cranked lever 28 is a pin 29, which passes through the slot 25, whereby when the bellcrank lever is reciprocated upon its pivot the swinging of the pin 29 causes the ribbonspool ratchetshaft 19 to reciprocate, and thus actuates the pawls 23 for windingthe ribbon upon the spools. The rearwardly-extending arm of the bell-cranked lever 28 is provided with a slot 30. A slotted slide 31 is fastened by two screws underneath the upper end of the carriageframe, free to slide upon its screws transversely on the carriage. A short arm extends forwardly from the slide 231 and at its front end is provided with a pin 32, which extends up through the slot 30 and serves to reciprocate the bellcranked lever 28 upon its pivot. A tooth 33 projects downwardly from the slide 31, in line with and adapted to engage with the gear-wheel 34.

Two springs are provided to actuate slide 31, one at each end of the slide, the one, 535, tending to push the slide toward the righthand side of the machine, so as to cause tooth 33 to engage with a tooth of the gear-wheel 34: when the tooth is upon the left-hand side of the gear-wheel and the other, 36, tending to push the slide toward the left-hand side of the machine to cause the tooth 31-5 to engage with a tooth of the gear-wheel when the tooth 33 is upon the right-hand side of the gearwheel. When the carriage is feeding ahead or in a direction from the left-hand side toward the right-hand side of the machine, the tooth 323 is in the position shown in Fig. 7 and the bell-crank lever 28 is so positioned that the frame 24: is swung forwardly and the pawlrockers 20 are swung rearwardly with the pawls drawn back into position to engage with and feed the ratchet-wheels 18. While the parts are in this position the gear-wheel 34: revolves in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 7.

As soon as the carriage-feeding movement is reversed and the carriage moved toward IIO the left-hand side of the machine gear-wheel 34 revolves in a direction opposite to that of the arrow in Fig. 7 and the spring 35 forces the tooth 33 into engagement with a tooth on the gear-wheel 34. Tooth 33 is then carried by the gear-wheel toward the right until it escapes upon the right-hand side of the gear wheel. This movement of the tooth 33 toward the right causes a corresponding movement toward the right of slide 31, and by means of the slot-and-pin connection and 32 causes the rear arm of the bell-crank lever 28 to swing toward the right and its front arm to swing toward the left, whereby the pin 29 swings the frame 24 rearwardly and the pawl-- rockers 2O forwardly, thereby causing one of the pawls 23 to engage with its ratchet-wheel 18 and partially rotate the ratchet-wheel, and thus to windup the ribbon upon one of the spools.

Upon the ribbon-spool shaft 13 are mounted two pawl-lifting plates 37, the function of which plates is to alternately hold one of the pawls up free of and out of engagement from the teeth of one of the ribbon-spool ratchetwheels, while permitting the other pawl to engage with the other ribbon-spool ratchetwheel. For this purpose a portion of the periphery of each plate 37 is cut away at 38 38 upon. opposite sides and is left full at 39 39 upon opposite sides, so that upon the entire circumference of each plate there is first a cut-away part 38, then a full part 39, then a cut-away part 38, and finallya'full part 39. WVhen the free toothed end ofeitherpawl 23 rests upon a full portion 39, it is held up out of engagement of the ratchet-wheel 38 and cannot feed the ribbon-spool; but when it is in line with a cut-away portion 38 it engages with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 18 and feeds the ribbon-spool while the rocker-arms 20 are being swung forwardly. The two plates 37 are so fastened upon the shaft 13 that the toothed end of one pawl 23 always engages with the full part 39 of its plate, while the free toothed end of the other pawl is in line with the cutaway portion 38 of its plate.

I have provided knurled heads 40 upon either end of the shaft 13, by which the shaft 13 may be revolved to alternately cause first one pawl 23 to engage its ratchet-wheel to wind the ribbon upon one spool and then the other pawl 23 to engage with its ratchet-wheel to wind the ribbon upon the other ribbonspool. By this means I can alternately wind the ribbon first upon one spool and then upon the other spool. Preferably one of the knurled heads 40 should beflattened off or notched, as shown in Fig. 7, and spring-pressed so as to hold the shaft 13 in whatever position it is placed, thus insuring that the ribbon will con tinue to wind up properly upon one of the spools until the shaft is shifted for the purpose of reversing the feed and causing the ribbon to wind upon the other spool. The ribbon-supporting rod 12 is j ournaled in bearings 42 and 43 and upon itsleft-hand end the crank-arm 44 is rigidly fastened by a pin or rivet or in any other suitable manner. The free end ofthe crank-arm 44 is connected with the ribbon-lifting key-lever 45 by means of connecting-wire 46, so that whenever the ribbon-lifting key 47 is depressed the ribbonguide plate 17 will be raised into its elevated position (shown in Fig. 2) to expose the writing to view. WVhen the ribbon-lifting key 47 is in its elevated position, the ribbon lies in a horizontal plane just above the paper, being held up just free of the paper by the ribbonguide plate 1.7, the under side of which rest-s directly on the paper.

I have provided ,means in the machine whereby the ribbon movement feeds with the type-carriage and relatively thereto when the carriageis moved either toward the righthand side of the machine or toward the lefthand side of the machine. I have so arranged the relative movements of the carriage and ribbon mechanism that when the carriage is moved from the extreme limit of its movement on the other side of the machine it will move very nearly, but not quite, as much farther ICO then the extreme length of the ribbon movement from one side of the machine to the other will be, say, nine and one-half inches. I effect this movement of the ribbon mechanism with the carriage and relatively thereto by mountin g the carriage upon the guid e-rail 2 and connecting it directly with the mainspring, to be driven thereby, and by mounting the ribbon movement upon the carriage to slide thereon and connecting the ribbon movement to the rack 48 on the guide-rail 2, the gearing between the guide-rail and ribbon movement being such that the ribbon mechanism moves a slightly-less distance than the carriage each time a key is depressed for printing.

The carriage moves the distance from one tooth to the next tooth on the rack 48' each time a type-key is operated. Therefore in case there are, say, ten teeth per inch in the rack the carriage moves one-tenth of an inch each time a type-key isdepressed, and in this case the ribbon mechanism will move a little less than one-tenth of an inch each time a type-key is operated. The gear wheel 49 meshes with the rack 48, and is therefore revolved in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 3

when the carriage is moved toward the righttric therewith, and engaging with the ribbonfeed rack 53 causes said rack 53 to move relatively to the carriage toward the left, as indicated by the arrow pointing to the left upon said ribbon-feed rack in Fig. 8. The arrow pointing toward the left on the ribbon-feed rack in Fig. 3 is not intended to designate an actual feed of the rack toward the left, but it merely indicates a relative movement between the two. The actual movement of both carriage and rack is toward the right in feeding.

The ribbon-feed rack 53 is rigidly fastened to the upper end of the ribbon supporting frame 11, the ribbon-supporting frame being mounted for a sliding movement upon the guide-rod S and upon the ribbon-supporting rod 12, free to slide along these rods during the feeding movement of the carriage. Therefore while the carriage as a whole is being moved a given distance upon the rack 48 the ribbon-feed rack 53 is moved a slightly-less distance, because of the speed-reducin g gearing between the carriage-rack 4S and the ribhon-feed rack I so mount my ribbon-supporting frame 11 in the carriage that when the carriage is at the extreme left-hand side of the machine the left-hand edge of the ribbon will be at the printing-point. I have designated this in Fig. 4: by an a: mark and the reference character a on the drawings. As the carriage feeds to the right on the machine while a line of printis being written the printing-point shifts along the ribbon gradually. In Fig. 1 I have indicated the position of the printing-point on the ribbon at about two-thirds of the width of the ribbon away from the left-hand edge, showing that the ribbon has advanced about two-thirds of the way toward the right across the machine, so that about two-thirds of the line of print has been written. I have also indicated the printing-point in Fig. 1 by an :1: mark and the reference character a. In Fi 11 I have indicated by a line of :1: marks extending clear across the ribbon widthwise the gradual shifting, movement of the ribbon relatively to the carriage, whereby the printin g point begins at one edge of the ribbon and ends on the other edge. I have indicated by a reference character a the part of the ribbon which is at the printing-point at the beginning of the line of print and by the reference character a the part of the ribbon which is at the printing-point when the carriage is just finishing its line of print.

In a machine for writing in bound books the base-frame overlies the edge of the platen, and in my ribbon movement I have provided for writing close to the right and left hand edges of the platen by so arranging the ribbonsupporting frame and the gearing that the printing-point is close to the left-hand edge of the ribbon at a (see Fig. 11) when the carriage is beginning its line of print, while, on the other hand, the printing-point is close to the right-hand edge of the ribbon at a when the carriage is at the end of the line of print. Hence the ribbon does not inter fere with the base-frame of the machine either when beginning the line of print or when ending it. The under surface of the right-hand side of the ribbon-guide plate 17 is made con-' siderably higher than the under surface of the left-hand side of the ribbon-guide plate, so that the ribbon which passes underneath the right-hand side of the ribbon-guide plate is above and can pass over the side of the baseframe without collision. This is the part of the ribbon (shown in Fig. 11) upon the right-hand side of the drawings. Therefore, in my construction the ribbon which passes underneath the lefthand side of the ribbonguide plate lies just above the paper on the platen and close to the printing'point, so as to eifect clear printing, while the portion of the ribbon which passes underneath the right hand side of the ribbon-guide plate, being at some distance above the platen, clears the side of the base-frame when the carriage is approaching the end of the line of print.

In the operation of my device it is thus apparent that the ribbon shifts widthwise upon the carriage across the printing-point while the carriage is effecting its letter-space feed ing movement, and nearly the full width of the ribbon passes across the printing-point during the movement of the carriage, and substantially the entire width of the ribbon is therefore utilized for printing. After the carriage has been moved to the right to effect its lineof print as soon as its movement is reversed and the carriage begins moving toward the left-hand side of the machine the ribbon is fed lengthwise by being wound up on one of the ribbon-spools by one of the pawls engaging with its ribbon-spool ratchet 18 and revolving the ribbon-spool. The mechanism for feeding the pawls is so arranged as to move the pawls very quickly for winding the ribbon upon a spool during the first part of the return movement of the carriage. The object of this quick lengthwise feeding movement of the ribbon during the first part of the return movement of the carriage is to insure that the ribbon shall be properly fed lengthwise upon a spool no matter how short the line of print may be.

I believe myself to be broadly the first to have invented a ribbon movement in which the ribbon moves with the carriage in a direction parallel with the line of feed and at a dilferential rate of speed relatively to the movement of the carriage, the object being to take the ink from the ribbon in parallel transverse lines, the lines being parallel with the lines of print, so that eventually the whole ribbon is gradually used transversely in very short lengths, and by causing the ribbon mechanism to move at a slower rate of speed than the carriage. I also provide for carrying the ribbon close to the platen without in terference between the ribbon mechanism and the side bars of the base-frame when wri ting close to the ends of a line.

' hand edge of the ribbon to the printing-point when the carriage is nearest the left-hand side of the base-frame and to bring the righthand edge of the ribbon to the printing-point when the carriage is nearest the right-hand side of the base -frame, substantially as described.

2. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a fiat platen, a base-frame overlying the platen, a carriage-frame and a guide-rail thereon, a carriage mounted on the guiderail, a ribbon-carrying mechanism mounted to move upon the carriage in a direction parallel with the line of print and widthwise of the ribbon, and gearing connecting the ribbon mechanism with the carriage guide-rail, whereby the ribbon-carrying mechanism is caused to feed with the carriage but at a different rate of speed relatively thereto during the feeding movement of the carriage upon the guide-rail, substantially as described.

3. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a'fiat platen, a base-frame overlying the platen, a carriage-frame and a guide-rail thereon, a carriage mounted on the guiderail,-a ribbon-carrying mechanism mounted to move upon the carriage in a direction parallel with the line of print,.and widthwise of the ribbon, and gearing connecting the ribbon mechanism with the carriage guide-rail,

whereby the ribbon carrying mechanism is which the ribbon mechanism moves being different from that which the carriage moves for each letter space, substantially as described.

5. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage and a ribbon-carryin g mechanism adapted to move together widthwiseof the ribbon in the same direction during letter-spacing, the carriage and ribbon mechanism being each arranged to move a definite distance for each letter-space, the distance which the ribbon mechanism moves being less than that which the carriage moves foreach letter-space, substantially as described.

6. In a type-writing machine, the combina-' tion of a carriage and a ribbon-carrying mechanism adapted to move together widthwise of the ribbon in the same direction during letter-spaein g, the carriage and ribbon mechanism being each arranged to move'a definite distance for each letter-"space, and gearing whereby the rate of movement of the ribbon is differentiated from the rate of movement of the carriage, substantially as described.

7. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage and a ribbon-carrying mechanism, adapted to move together widthwise of the ribbon in the same direction during letter-spacing, the carriage and ribbon mechanism being arranged to move a definite distance for each letter-space, and a speed-reducing gearing whereby the ribbon mechanism is caused to move at a slower rate of speed than the carriage, substantially as described.

8. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a flat platen, a base-frame overlying the platen, a carriage-frame and a carriage mounted thereon a ribbon mechanism mounted in the carriage having a guide-plate in a plane parallel with and just above the platen, and an inking-ribbon extending-on the guideplate from'the rear of the line of print to in front of the line-of print, thence folded laterally across the guide-plate transversely to the ribbon portions extending toward the rear and then back again to the rear of the line of print, the ribbon first extending across the line of print over the printing-center at alevel close to the platen and then returning across the line of print at a higher level, substantially as described. I

9. In a type writer ribbon mechanism, means for feeding the ribbon widthwise during the feeding movement of the carriage and means for feeding the ribbon lengthwise through a uniform distance by the initial return movement of the carriage, irrespective of the length of movement of the carriage, substantially as described.

10. In a type-writer ribbon mechanism, means for feeding the ribbon widthwise relativ ely to the carriage during the feeding movement of the carriage and means for feeding the ribbon lengthwise relatively to the carriage through a uniform distance bythe initial return 'movement of the carriage irrespective of the length of movement of the travel, and means for feeding the ribbon lengthwise through a uniform distance by the initial return movement of the carriage, irrespective of the length of movement of the carriage, substantially as described.

12. In a type-writer ribbon mechanism,

means for feeding the ribbon at a uniform rate of speed widthwise relatively to the carriage during the entire feeding movement of the carriage and means for effecting a uniform lengthwise feed of the ribbon by the initial return movement of the carriage and irrespective of the length of movement thereof, substantially as described.

13. In a type-writing machine,the combination of a carriage, a ribbon mechanism movable from one end of a line to be written 011 to the other, means for feeding the carriage and the ribbon mechanism in the same direction during the feeding movement of the carriage, and a gearing whereby the speed at which the ribbon mechanism feeds is differentiated from the speed at which the carriage feeds, substantially as described.

14. In a type-writer, the combination of a carriage, a ribbon mechanism movable from one end of a line to be written 011 to the other, means for feeding the carriage and the ribbon mechanism in the same direction during the feeding movement of the carriage, and a speed-reducing gearing for causing the ribbon mechanism to feed at a lower rate of speed than the carriage, substantially as described.

15. In a ribbon mechanism, the combination of a gear rotated in one direction during the feeding movement of the carriage and in the opposite direction during the return move ment of the carriage, a slide operatively connected with a ribbonspool ratchet-pawl to move the pawl in one direction when the slide is moved in one direction and in the opposite direction when the slide is moved in the opposite direction, a tooth projecting from the slide, adapted to mesh with said gear and spring-pressed into engagement with the gear from one side when said slide is at one limit of its play and from the opposite side when said slide is at the opposite limit of its play, substantially as described.

16. In atype-writin g m achine,the combination of a rack, a carriage mounted to travel lengthwise thereof, a train of gears mounted in the carriage, the driven end of said train meshing with the rack, a reciprocating member mounted on. the carriage and provided with a tooth adapted to mesh with the driving end of said train, and means for thereby reciprocating a ribbon-spool ratchet-pawl in one direction during the feeding movement of the carriage and in the opposite direction during the return movement of the carriage, substantially as described.

1 7. In a type-writing machine, the combina tion of a rack, a carriage mounted to travel lengthwise thereof, a second rack mounted on the carriage to reciprocate thereon, a train of gears mounted in the carriage, the driven end of said train meshing with the said first-mentioned rack and the driving end thereof meshing with the said second rack, whereby said second rack is caused to reciprocate in one direction during the feedingmovement of the carriage and in the opposite direction during the return movement, substantially as described.

18. In a type-writing machine,the combination of a rack, a carriage mounted to travel lengthwise thereof, a train of gears mounted in the carriage, the driven end of said train meshing with the rack,a second rack mounted on the carriage to reciprocate thereon, a reciprocating member mounted on the carriage and provided with a tooth, said tooth and said second rack meshing with the driving end of the train of gears, and means operated thereby for feeding the ribbon widthwise during the feeding movement of the carriage and lengthwise during the return movement of the carriage, substantially as described.

19. In a type-writer, a writing mechanism movable in the direction of the line of print, in combination with a printing-ribbon and devices mounted on the writing mechanism and actuated by the movement of the writing mechanism in the line of print to move the ribbon edgewise in the direction in which the printing-line extends.

20. In a type-writer, a writing-carriage movable in the direction of the line of print, type-bars mounted therein and arranged to print at a common point, in combination with the ribbon-spools mounted in said. carriage with their axes extending in the line of travel, a ribbon extending from one of said spools across the printing-point and thence to the other spool, means actuated by the movement of the carriage in the line of print formoving said spools axially in the carriage and mechanism for rotating one of the spools to feed the ribbon thereto freely.

21. In a typewriter, a carriage provided with a series of type-bars printing at a common point, said carriage having a letter-feed in the direction of the line of print, in combination with a ribbon extending transversely to the line in which the carriage travels, and means actuated by the movement of the carriage in the line of print for moving said. ribbon longitudinally and widthwise in the carriage.

22. In a type-writin g machine,the combination with a platen and a writing mechanism, the one movable relatively to the other for letter-spacing, and a ribbon mechanism, arranged and adapted to bring the left-hand edge of the ribbon to the printing-point when the printing-point is nearest the left-hand side of the platen, and to bring the right-hand edge of the ribbon to the printing-point when the printing-point is nearest the right-hand side of the platen, substantially as described.

Signed by me, in New York city, this 22d day of July, 1901.

FREDERIO IV. IIILLARI).

lVitnesses:

WILLIAM G. BABcocK, ABRAM Coma.

IIO 

